{"id":339260,"date":"2017-04-26T00:06:26","date_gmt":"2017-04-25T16:06:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/techcrunch.com\/?p=1481145"},"modified":"2017-04-26T00:06:26","modified_gmt":"2017-04-25T16:06:26","slug":"greg-mark-of-markforged-talks-about-putting-metal-into-the-microwave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/greg-mark-of-markforged-talks-about-putting-metal-into-the-microwave\/","title":{"rendered":"Greg Mark of Markforged talks about putting metal into the microwave"},"content":{"rendered":"<p id=\"speakable-summary\">When a guy like Greg Mark emails it pays to reply. Mark, who is the eccentric and excitable founder of Markforged, a 3D printer systems that spits out ready-made carbon fiber and metal products, is always good for a glimpse into the future. This week he pinged me with a quick message: \u201cWe\u2019re putting metal in the microwave.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>And boy is he ever.<\/p>\n<p>His current system prints metal and plastic and these parts are then \u201csintered\u201d \u2013 made solid \u2013 using a $750,000 oven that heats the parts for 6 to 14 hours. Mark explored current literature in 3D printing and found that he could put the metal in a microwave and reduce the time considerably. He calls the new product <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/markforged.com\/ADAM\/\">ADAM<\/a> coupled with microwave sintering.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSolid metal reflects microwaves (at room temperatures). Powdered metal absorbs microwaves (the stealth bomber uses powdered metal paint for exactly this reason). We are currently sintering ADAM parts in a microwave with a 90 minute cycle time. It\u2019s fucking epic. Once the powder gets to sintering temperature, the entire thing fuses. You would think this starts to arc \u2013 but fun fact number two. Hot metal absorbs microwaves as well (it\u2019s a resistance thing). So you can complete the run in the microwave even after the powder has started to combine. Microwave ovens will be the second part of the blade architecture in final form,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSo that\u2019s it. Humans have been pouring metal in molds for 5,000 years. Fuck molds. The digital age transformed every other industry known to man \u2013 music, photography, writing, telecom, email, the internet. But Ford makes cars largely the same way they did in the 50\u2019s. It\u2019s time for mechanical engineering to enter the digital age.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In short he\u2019s microwaving metal to make solid parts that you can stick onto a motorcycle. I decided to give him the floor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>TC: Why are you doing this.<\/strong><br \/>Mark: I\u2019m a mechanical engineer. I\u2019ve watched almost every other discipline get revolutionized by computers. And we\u2019re still sitting here waiting for parts. Then finally getting parts that are out of tolerance. And I\u2019m not just talking prototypes. In production. Everything is great. Then it\u2019s not. What changed? How far up the supply chain was the mistake made? How many weeks do you have to wait to fix it? It\u2019s a mess.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"inset inset-sm inset-section\">\n<section class=\"aside section video-aside crunchreport collapse collapse-adjacent\" data-video-id=\"58fe7148e0fa172d2e313367\">\n<h2 class=\"collapse-title section-title\">Latest <span>Crunch Report<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"collapse-body cf\">\n<ul class=\"vid-list cf\">\n<li class=\"block vid-feature\" data-lightbox-omniture=\"crunchreport\" readability=\"-2\">\n<div class=\"block block-inset\" readability=\"7\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/video\/uber-responds-to-iphone-tracking-report-crunch-report\/58fe7148e0fa172d2e313367\/?ncid=rightrail_cr\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.vidible.tv\/prod\/2017-04\/24\/58fe7148e0fa172d2e313367\/58fe71aee6604d6a39bb6784_o_U_v1.jpg?w=300&#038;h=170\" alt=\"Uber Responds to iPhone Tracking Report | Crunch Report\" data-lightbox-url=\"https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/video\/uber-responds-to-iphone-tracking-report-crunch-report\/58fe7148e0fa172d2e313367\/lightbox\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><h3>Uber Responds to iPhone Tracking Report | Crunch Report<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/video\/crunchreport\/?ncid=rightrail_crmore\" class=\"text-btn\" data-omni-sm=\"rightrail_crmore\">Watch More Episodes<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/aside>\n<p>And you watch the guys in software. They build immense value overnight. They spool up automatic testing in Amazon, error checking. It\u2019s beautiful. They create value with 90% efficiency. On the mechanical side, we create value with 20% efficiency. We\u2019re like the internal combustion engine, and they\u2019re electric cars. That was the way of the world. It needed to change.<\/p>\n<p>I used my first 3D printer in 2012. Stratasys. It blew my mind. All I had to do was add carbon fiber, and we\u2019d be somewhere real. We did that for 3 years. At every trade show, there is at least one mechanical engineer whose life has been changed by our printer. They are usually young. Early adopters. Faced a problem. Were told by their boss the 3D printed version wouldn\u2019t \/ couldn\u2019t work. The problem pilled up large enough that the boss was willing to throw a hail Marry pass at the problem. And the part worked. Kept working. And now that kid is a rock star. And he\u2019s changing the way their business is run.<\/p>\n<p>In every one of those people, I see myself.<\/p>\n<p>I own enough of this company, I will never need to work again. The money problem is off the table. Now we go for maximum velocity change.<\/p>\n<p>I was just talking with our lead investor. The usual business crap that takes 5% of your time. Afterwards, he texts about how his kid is using the Onyx one to print parts for his physics class. Every now and again, in the midst of all the crap you have to do to build a business, we marvel at how much better our kids lives will be than ours.<\/p>\n<p>My parents are doctors. When I was a 5 years old, I showed mechanical aptitude. Doctors with mechanical skills become surgeons. My Mom used to tell me, \u201cWhen you grow up, you\u2019ll become a doctor.\u201d One of my earliest memories. I had built a \u201cbody armor suit\u201d from blocks, and showed it to my Mom. I said, \u201cI\u2019ll be a surgeon.\u201d She looked at me and said, \u201cThere\u2019s no money in medicine anymore, pick something else to do.\u201d<\/p>\n<aside class=\"inset inset-sm inset-section\">\n<div class=\"section aside crunchbase-cluster collapse\">\n<h3 class=\"section-title collapse-title\">Crunchbase<\/h3>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p>I used to think I fucked up by doing hardware. I was going to tell my kid, \u201cgo into software.\u201d By the time he\u2019s 5 years old, I\u2019m not going to have to say that anymore. That\u2019s why I do this.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/metal-x-sample-parts.jpeg?w=1024&#038;h=576\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-1481164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/metal-x-sample-parts.jpeg?w=1024&#038;h=576 1024w, https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/metal-x-sample-parts.jpeg?w=150&#038;h=84 150w, https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/metal-x-sample-parts.jpeg?w=300&#038;h=169 300w, https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/metal-x-sample-parts.jpeg?w=768&#038;h=432 768w, https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/metal-x-sample-parts.jpeg?w=680&#038;h=383 680w, https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/metal-x-sample-parts.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/p>\n<p><strong>TC: How does it work?<\/strong><br \/>M: We have a plastic printer that creates the shape of the part (a green part). The plastic is loaded with 60% metal powder and a two-part plastic system. The primary plastic binder is then dissolved out of the part. This creates a 20% reduction in material, and turns the part into a sponge. Next you put it into a sintering oven. The oven burns off the remaining 20% plastic through the sponge structure (in an environment tuned for the metal) and then brings the part very close to the melting temp. There are four methods of mass transports, but the net effect is that the atoms diffuse together (sinter), the part shrinks by 20%, and you get a fully dense part (in casting terms, this is 98% or more).<\/p>\n<p>This is very worth mentioning, because we have not disclosed this yet. We didn\u2019t invent metal powder incased in plastic. We found it, and solved the technical problems to make it work in a 3D printer. There is an entire niche industry, Metal Injection Molding (MIM), that shoots plastic with metal powder into molds. It was tiny. $400M about 10 years ago. Now it\u2019s all the way up to 1.5B (half of it is Apple, for the lightening connector, etc). I had never heard of this thing. They use metal powder in a 2-part plastic. Then sinter to fully density. So we replaced the injection mold with a 3D printer, and use their existing, production, sintering ovens (and solved all the shrink \/ deformation \/ supports issues). 3D printing replacing injection molding. Sounds familiar?<\/p>\n<p><strong>TC: Who is it for?<\/strong><br \/>M: The current Metal X is designed for SMB\u2019s who want to find a more cost effective way to make parts than to CNC from a block of metal. They\u2019ll print the part, and just dust off (hit with CNC) the few critical dimensions that matter. This is a game-changer in cost and productivity. You don\u2019t waste hours in CAM designing tool paths, then making soft-jaws to hold the parts through multiple opperations. You just print it. Then there are the Fortune 100\u2019s who want to get familiar with the ADAM process for the longer term manufacturing play. Today, it\u2019s for tooling, fixtures, and prototypes. Tomorrow, it\u2019s for castings without a mold. Every year, we will drive up the volume where it\u2019s more cost effective to print the part than to CNC machine it.<\/p>\n<p>In the long run, we will scale the costs down. You will have high school students designing things and ordering custom metal parts online. Those parts will be 10X lower cost than CNC parts, and simple to order. In the end, we will simplify manufacturing, and make hardware more about design. There will be people all over the world building value in hardware, just like they do in software today. And the world will be closer to ideal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"383\" src=\"https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/microwave-furnace-stainless-steel.jpeg?w=680\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/microwave-furnace-stainless-steel.jpeg?w=680 680w, https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/microwave-furnace-stainless-steel.jpeg?w=1360 1360w, https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/microwave-furnace-stainless-steel.jpeg?w=150 150w, https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/microwave-furnace-stainless-steel.jpeg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/04\/microwave-furnace-stainless-steel.jpeg?w=768 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/>&nbsp;When a guy like Greg Mark emails it pays to reply. Mark, who is the eccentric and excitable founder of Markforged, a 3D printer systems that spits out ready-made carbon fiber and metal products, is always good for a glimpse into the future. This week he pinged me with a quick message: &#8220;We&#8217;re putting metal in the microwave.&#8221; And boy is he ever. His current system prints metal&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2017\/04\/25\/greg-mark-of-markforged-talks-about-putting-metal-into-the-microwave\/?ncid=rss\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"feedflare\">\n<a href=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?a=sFuySC8Zd5A:TYatc6Xve2k:2mJPEYqXBVI\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?d=2mJPEYqXBVI\" border=\"0\"><\/img><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?a=sFuySC8Zd5A:TYatc6Xve2k:7Q72WNTAKBA\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?d=7Q72WNTAKBA\" border=\"0\"><\/img><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?a=sFuySC8Zd5A:TYatc6Xve2k:yIl2AUoC8zA\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?d=yIl2AUoC8zA\" border=\"0\"><\/img><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?a=sFuySC8Zd5A:TYatc6Xve2k:-BTjWOF_DHI\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?i=sFuySC8Zd5A:TYatc6Xve2k:-BTjWOF_DHI\" border=\"0\"><\/img><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?a=sFuySC8Zd5A:TYatc6Xve2k:D7DqB2pKExk\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?i=sFuySC8Zd5A:TYatc6Xve2k:D7DqB2pKExk\" border=\"0\"><\/img><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?a=sFuySC8Zd5A:TYatc6Xve2k:qj6IDK7rITs\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~ff\/Techcrunch?d=qj6IDK7rITs\" border=\"0\"><\/img><\/a>\n<\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~r\/Techcrunch\/~4\/sFuySC8Zd5A\" height=\"1\" width=\"1\" alt=\"\"\/> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5817,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[59,66,26],"class_list":["post-339260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology","tag-media","tag-techcrunch","tag-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/339260","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5817"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=339260"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/339260\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=339260"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=339260"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/asmawisham\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=339260"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}