{"id":8800,"date":"2026-04-02T11:00:03","date_gmt":"2026-04-02T03:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/?p=8800"},"modified":"2026-04-02T11:01:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T03:01:21","slug":"diana-baumrind-parenting-styles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/diana-baumrind-parenting-styles\/","title":{"rendered":"Diana Baumrind: Parenting Styles"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/04\/image-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"559\" src=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/04\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8802\" srcset=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/04\/image-2.png 1024w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/04\/image-2-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/04\/image-2-768x419.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Diana Baumrind identified how the balance of <strong>responsiveness<\/strong> (warmth) and <strong>demandingness<\/strong> (control) shapes a child\u2019s social competence.  There are four types of parenting styles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Authoritative Parenting (High Warmth, High Control)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Characteristics:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Warm, responsive, and supportive<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clear rules and expectations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Encourages independence and reasoning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uses explanation rather than punishment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> Considered the <strong>most effective<\/strong> style in many cultural contexts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong><br>A parent explains <em>why<\/em> homework is important and sets a routine, while still listening to the child\u2019s concerns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Outcomes (research-consistent):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>High self-esteem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Good social skills<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Better academic performance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strong self-regulation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Authoritarian Parenting (Low Warmth, High Control)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Characteristics:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Strict rules, high expectations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Low emotional warmth<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Emphasis on obedience and discipline<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cBecause I said so\u201d approach<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong><br>A child is punished for breaking a rule without explanation or discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Obedient but less happy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lower self-esteem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Higher anxiety or aggression<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poorer social skills<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Permissive Parenting (High Warmth, Low Control)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Characteristics:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Very loving and indulgent<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Few rules or boundaries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avoids discipline<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Acts more like a \u201cfriend\u201d than authority<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong><br>A child can decide bedtime, screen time, and routines without limits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Poor self-discipline<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Impulsivity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Difficulty following rules<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lower academic achievement<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Neglectful \/ Uninvolved Parenting (Low Warmth, Low Control)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Characteristics:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lack of responsiveness and guidance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Minimal involvement in child\u2019s life<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basic needs may be met, but emotional needs neglected<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong><br>Parents are physically present but emotionally unavailable and uninvolved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Low self-esteem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poor academic performance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Attachment issues<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Higher risk behaviors<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diana Baumrind identified how the balance of responsiveness (warmth) and demandingness (control) shapes a child\u2019s social competence. There are four types of parenting styles. 1. Authoritative Parenting (High Warmth, High Control) Characteristics: Example:A parent explains why homework is important and sets a routine, while still listening to the child\u2019s concerns. Outcomes (research-consistent): 2. Authoritarian Parenting &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/diana-baumrind-parenting-styles\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Diana Baumrind: Parenting Styles<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":851,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-educational-psychology","category-teaching"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/851"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8800"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8800\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8804,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8800\/revisions\/8804"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}