{"id":9152,"date":"2026-10-15T11:06:36","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T03:06:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/?p=9152"},"modified":"2026-10-15T15:35:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T07:35:49","slug":"bagaimana-merungkai-hasil-pembelajaran-dari-dskp-menjadi-objektif-pembelajaran-rph","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/bagaimana-merungkai-hasil-pembelajaran-dari-dskp-menjadi-objektif-pembelajaran-rph\/","title":{"rendered":"Bagaimana merungkai Standard Pembelajaran (dari DSKP) menjadi Objektif Pembelajaran (dalam RPH)?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Merungkai <a href=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/cara-penulisan-penutup-rph\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"8771\">Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP<\/a>) dilaksanakan melalui pendekatan reka bentuk ke belakang (<em>backward design<\/em>) dengan memisahkan Standard Pembelajaran (SP) kepada dua dimensi teras: <strong>kata kerja (kemahiran\/tindakan murid)<\/strong> dan <strong>kata nama (kandungan\/pengetahuan)<\/strong> sebelum menterjemahkannya ke dalam bentuk ukuran harian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Langkah 1: Merungkai Standard Pembelajaran (SP)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Buka lajur Standard Pembelajaran dalam DSKP bagi topik yang dipilih, kemudian asingkan pernyataan tersebut kepada tiga komponen asas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kemahiran (Kata Kerja):<\/strong> Apa yang murid boleh lakukan secara eksplisit dan boleh diukur (rujuk domain kognitif Taksonomi Bloom dan DSKP).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kandungan (Kata Nama \/ Konsep):<\/strong> Apa yang murid perlu tahu, fahami, atau kuasai (fakta, rumus, tema, teori).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Konteks \/ Syarat:<\/strong> Medium, instrumen, atau batasan skop pelaksanaan standard tersebut.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-683x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-683x1024.png 683w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-768x1152.png 768w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Langkah 2: Menentukan Skala Waktu dan Pecahan Standard<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Satu Standard Pembelajaran (SP) kadangkala merangkumi skop yang luas dan memerlukan beberapa sesi PdPc untuk dicapai. Jangan salin bulat-bulat SP sebagai Objektif Pembelajaran jika masa satu sesi (30 hingga 60 minit) tidak mencukupi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pecahkan SP:<\/strong> Jika SP mengandungi gabungan dua kemahiran (contoh: <em>menyatakan dan membanding beza<\/em>), fokuskan satu kemahiran asas terlebih dahulu untuk sesi pertama (<em>menyatakan<\/em>), disusuli kemahiran menganalisis (<em>membanding beza<\/em>) pada sesi berikutnya.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Padankan dengan Standard Prestasi (SPi):<\/strong> Rujuk lajur Standard Prestasi untuk melihat deskriptor Tahap Penguasaan (TP1 hingga TP6) bagi memastikan aras kognitif yang dirancang selari dengan sasaran Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah (PBD).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-1-683x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-1-683x1024.png 683w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-1-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-1-768x1152.png 768w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-1.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Langkah 3: Menulis Objektif Pembelajaran (OP)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Objektif Pembelajaran mestilah berfokus kepada <strong>hasil pembelajaran murid<\/strong> (<em>student-centered outcomes<\/em>), bukannya aktiviti guru. Format penulisan OP yang tepat mengguna pakai formula <strong>ABCD<\/strong> atau <strong>SMART<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>A \u2013 Audience:<\/strong> Murid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>B \u2013 Behavior:<\/strong> Kata kerja tingkah laku yang boleh dilihat\/diukur (elakkan perkataan kabur seperti <em>mengetahui<\/em>, <em>memahami<\/em>, <em>mempelajari<\/em>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C \u2013 Condition:<\/strong> Situasi, bahan bantu, atau aktiviti panduan (contoh: <em>berdasarkan petikan teks<\/em>, <em>melalui simulasi<\/em>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D \u2013 Degree:<\/strong> Tahap minimum kejayaan (kualitatif atau kuantitatif, contoh: <em>sekurang-kurangnya 3 daripada 4<\/em>, <em>dengan tepat<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-gray-color\">Struktur Standard Objektif Pembelajaran Formula ABCD atau SMART:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-gray-color\">&#8220;Pada akhir PdPc, murid dapat [Kata Kerja Tindakan] + [Kandungan\/Konsep] + [Kuantiti\/Kualiti Ukuran]&#8221;<\/mark><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Formula OP &#8220;Siapa + Kata Kerja + Apa + Bagaimana&#8221;<\/strong>: &#8220;Pada akhir sesi pengajaran dan pembelajaran, <strong><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-medium-pink-color\">[Murid]<\/mark><\/strong> dapat\/boleh <mark style=\"background-color:#55c3dc\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-gray-color\"><strong>[Kata Kerja Aras Taksonomi]<\/strong> <\/mark>+ <mark style=\"background-color:#f4ca16\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>[Topik\/Kandungan]<\/strong> <\/mark>+ <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#ffe5d1\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-gray-color\">[Ukuran\/Kriteria]<\/mark><\/strong>.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-4-683x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-4-683x1024.png 683w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-4-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-4-768x1152.png 768w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-4.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Langkah 4: Membina Kriteria Kejayaan (KK)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kriteria Kejayaan ialah bukti pelaksanaan mikro yang menunjukkan murid sedang bergerak ke arah mencapai OP. Ia biasanya ditulis menggunakan ganti nama diri murid (<em>&#8220;Saya dapat&#8230;&#8221;<\/em>) agar murid sedar akan sasaran pembelajaran kendiri (<em>visible learning<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-gray-color\">Struktur Standard Kriteria Kejayaan Formula ABCD atau SMART:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-gray-color\">Pada akhir PdPc, murid dapat [Kata Kerja Tindakan] + [Kandungan\/Konsep] + [Kuantiti\/Kualiti Ukuran] + [Syarat\/Konteks].<\/mark><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Formula KK: <strong><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-medium-pink-color\">[Murid]<\/mark><\/strong> berjaya jika dapat\/boleh<\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#55c3dc\" class=\"has-inline-color\">[Kata Kerja\/Tindakan]<\/mark><\/strong> + <strong>[Bilangan\/Kuantiti]<\/strong> + <mark style=\"background-color:#f4ca16\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>[Topik\/Hasil]<\/strong><\/mark> + <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#ffe5d1\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-gray-color\">[Ukuran\/Kriteria]<\/mark><\/strong> dengan <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#e9f2f9\" class=\"has-inline-color\">[Tahap Ketepatan\/Kualiti]<\/mark><\/strong>.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-3-683x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-3-683x1024.png 683w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-3-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-3-768x1152.png 768w, https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/743\/2026\/10\/image-3.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Contoh penulisan kriteria kejayaan:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(<strong>Objektif Pembelajaran: <\/strong>Murid dapat menentukan sekurang-kurangnya tiga nisbah setara bagi nisbah yang diberikan secara bertulis dengan betul).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Murid berjaya sekiranya dapat:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Menulis nisbah dalam bentuk termudah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. Mendarab atau membahagi nisbah dengan nombor bulat yang betul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. Melengkapkan 3 daripada 4 soalan latihan nisbah setara tanpa bantuan guru.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Merungkai Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP) dilaksanakan melalui pendekatan reka bentuk ke belakang (backward design) dengan memisahkan Standard Pembelajaran (SP) kepada dua dimensi teras: kata kerja (kemahiran\/tindakan murid) dan kata nama (kandungan\/pengetahuan) sebelum menterjemahkannya ke dalam bentuk ukuran harian. Langkah 1: Merungkai Standard Pembelajaran (SP) Buka lajur Standard Pembelajaran dalam DSKP bagi topik yang &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/bagaimana-merungkai-hasil-pembelajaran-dari-dskp-menjadi-objektif-pembelajaran-rph\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Bagaimana merungkai Standard Pembelajaran (dari DSKP) menjadi Objektif Pembelajaran (dalam RPH)?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":851,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9152","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-asas-pedagogi-fundamental-pedagogy","category-teaching"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9152","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/851"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9152"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9152\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9175,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9152\/revisions\/9175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9152"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9152"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hadijahjaffri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9152"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}