{"id":2201,"date":"2016-03-07T00:59:10","date_gmt":"2016-03-07T00:59:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/?p=2201"},"modified":"2016-03-07T01:57:47","modified_gmt":"2016-03-07T01:57:47","slug":"noun-phrases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/2016\/03\/07\/noun-phrases\/","title":{"rendered":"Noun Phrases"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"_Tgc\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">A noun phrase or nominal phrase<\/span><\/strong> (abbreviated NP) is <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">a phrase which has a noun (or indefinite pronoun) as its head word<\/span><\/strong>, or which performs the same grammatical function as such a <b>phrase<\/b>. <b>Noun phrases<\/b> are very common cross-linguistically, and they may be the most frequently occurring <b>phrase<\/b> type.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=noun+phrase&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;oe=utf-8&amp;aq=t&amp;rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&amp;client=firefox-beta&amp;channel=fflb\">https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=noun+phrase&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;oe=utf-8&amp;aq=t&amp;rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&amp;client=firefox-beta&amp;channel=fflb<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>What is a noun phrase?<\/h3>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><strong>A noun phrase<\/strong><\/span> is a phrase which includes:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">a noun<\/span> <\/strong>(also called head)<\/li>\n<li>and <strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">optionally modifiers<\/span><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff\"><em>Love<\/em> <\/span><\/strong>is <em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">a beautiful<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff00ff\">feeling<\/span><\/strong><\/em>. (<em>Love<\/em> is a noun phrase without modifiers. However,<em> a beautiful feeling<\/em> is a noun phrase that includes a noun, <em>feeling<\/em>, and the determiner <em>a<\/em> and the adjective <em>beautiful<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff00ff\"><strong><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">My<\/span> house<\/em><\/strong><\/span> is over there. (<em>My house<\/em> is a noun phrase which consists of the noun <em>house<\/em> and a modifier &#8211; the possessive adjective <em>my<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3>Possible noun modifiers<\/h3>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><strong>A noun phrase<\/strong><\/span> may optionally contain noun modifiers. If these modifiers are placed before the noun they are called <span style=\"color: #0000ff\"><strong>pre-modifiers<\/strong><\/span>. However, if they are placed after the noun, they are called <span style=\"color: #0000ff\"><strong>post-modifiers<\/strong><\/span>. Possible noun modifiers include the following:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>1. <a title=\"Determiner (linguistics)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-determiners.php\">Determiners<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Article (grammar)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-articles.php\">articles<\/a>\u00a0(<em>the<\/em>,\u00a0<em>a<\/em>),<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Demonstratives\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-demonstratives.php\">demonstratives<\/a>\u00a0(<em>this<\/em>,\u00a0<em>that<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>numerals\u00a0(<em>two<\/em>,\u00a0<em>five<\/em>, etc.)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Possessive adjective\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-possessive-adjectives.php\">possessives<\/a>\u00a0(<em>my<\/em>,\u00a0<em>their<\/em>, etc.)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Quantifiers\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-quantifiers.php\">quantifiers<\/a>\u00a0(<em>some<\/em>,\u00a0<em>many<\/em>, etc.).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In English, determiners are usually placed before the noun;<\/p>\n<p>2. <a title=\"Adjective\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-adjectives.php\">adjectives<\/a>\u00a0(<em>the\u00a0<strong>delicious<\/strong>\u00a0food<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p>3. <a title=\"Complement (linguistics)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-direct-indirect-object.php\">complements<\/a>, in the form of a\u00a0prepositional phrase\u00a0(such as:\u00a0<em>the student\u00a0<strong>of physics<\/strong><\/em>), or a\u00a0That-clause\u00a0(<em>the idea \u00a0<strong>that the world is a small village <\/strong><\/em>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3>Functions of a noun phrase<\/h3>\n<blockquote><p>Noun phrases can function as <a title=\"Subject\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-subject.php\">subjects<\/a>, <a title=\"Direct and indirect object\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-direct-indirect-object.php\">objects<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">That sophisticated<\/span><\/strong> <strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff\">woman<\/span><\/strong><\/em> is beautiful. (<em>That sophisticated woman<\/em> is a noun phrase that functions as a <a title=\"Subject\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-subject.php\">subject<\/a>.)<\/li>\n<li>I like<em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\"> the<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff00ff\">book<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff6600\">that you bought<\/span><\/strong><\/em>. (<em>the book that you bought<\/em> is a noun phrase that functions as an <a title=\"Direct and indirect objects\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-direct-indirect-object.php\">object<\/a>.)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-noun-phrases.php\">http:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/site_php_files\/grammar-lesson-noun-phrases.php<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h1>What Are Noun Phrases? (with Examples)<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">A noun phrase is a <a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/phrase.htm\">phrase<\/a> that plays the role of a noun. The head word in a noun phrase will be a noun or a <a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/pronoun_definition.htm\">pronoun<\/a>. In the examples below, the whole noun phrase is shaded and the head word is in bold.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I like <strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff\">singing<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff6600\">in the bath<\/span><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>I know <strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">the back<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff00ff\">streets<\/span><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>I&#8217;ve met <strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">the last remaining<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff00ff\">chief<\/span><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Compare the three examples above to these:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I like <span style=\"color: #ff00ff\"><strong>it<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>I know <strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff\">them<\/span><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>I&#8217;ve met <strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff\">him<\/span><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">In these three examples, the words in bold are all <a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/noun_definition.htm\">pronouns<\/a>. The ability to replace the noun phrases in the first three examples with a pronoun proves that the shaded texts are functioning as nouns, making them <i>noun phrases<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>Like any noun, a noun phrase can be a <a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/subject.htm\">subject<\/a>, an <a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/object.htm\">object<\/a>, or a <a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/complement.htm\">complement<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h1>Examples of Noun Phrases<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Noun phrases are extremely common. A noun with any sort of modifier (including just a number or an <a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/articles.htm\">article<\/a>) is a noun phrase. Here are some examples of noun phrases:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<li>The best <b>defense<\/b> against the atom bomb is not to be there when it goes off. (Anon)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(In this example, there is a noun phrase within a noun phrase. The noun phrase<\/p>\n<p><i>the atom bomb<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<ul>is the<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/object_of_a_preposition.htm\">object of the preposition<\/a><i>against<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<ul>. The<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/prepositional_phrase.htm\">prepositional phrase<\/a><i>against the atom bomb<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<ul>modifies<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i>defense<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>.)<\/p>\n<li>I don&#8217;t have a bank <b>account<\/b>, because I don&#8217;t know my mother&#8217;s maiden <b>name<\/b>. (Paula Poundstone)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(In this example, both noun phrases are<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/direct_object.htm\">direct objects<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>.)<\/p>\n<li>The best car safety <b>device<\/b> is a rear-view <b>mirror<\/b> with a cop in it. (Dudley Moore, 1935-2002)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(In this example, the first noun phrase is the subject, and the second is a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/subject_complement.htm\">subject complement<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Only two <b>things<\/b> are infinite, the <b>universe<\/b> and human <b>stupidity<\/b>, and I&#8217;m not sure about the <b>former<\/b>. (Albert Einstein, 1879-1955)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/noun_phrases.htm\">http:\/\/grammar-monster.com\/glossary\/noun_phrases.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A noun phrase or nominal phrase (abbreviated NP) is a phrase which has a noun (or indefinite pronoun) as its head word, or which performs the same grammatical function as such a phrase. Noun phrases are very common cross-linguistically, and they may be the most frequently occurring phrase type. https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=noun+phrase&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;oe=utf-8&amp;aq=t&amp;rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&amp;client=firefox-beta&amp;channel=fflb What is a noun phrase? &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/2016\/03\/07\/noun-phrases\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Noun Phrases&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4912,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-teaching"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4912"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2201"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2201\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.utm.my\/hanita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}