Assessment is classroom research to provide useful feedback for the improvement of teaching and learning. It is feedback from the student to the instructor about the student’s learning. Classroom Assessment is the observation of students in the process of learning, the collection of frequent feedback on students’ learning, and the design of modest classroom experiments that provide information on how students learn and how students respond to particular teaching approaches. Classroom assessment helps individual teachers obtain useful feedback on what, how much, and how well their students are learning. The teacher can then use this information to refocus teaching to help students make their learning more efficient and more effective. The main purpose of classroom assessment is to improve student learning.
With the advent of standards-based education, performance assessment has become more widespread. In general, performance assessment focuses on students’ authentic or real-world demonstrations of competencies as opposed to more traditional paper and pencil tests. “Performance assessment requires examinees to construct/supply answers, perform, or produce something for evaluation.” (Madaus and O’Dwyer) Performance assessment is actually a much older type of testing than the relatively modern paper and pencil tests. But these types of performance-based assessments are generally summative, or end point, evaluations.
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