Content Validity is conducted by the experts in evaluating the relevance of items for each construct.

Content Validity Index (CVI) approach:

• the method involving a group of participants and experts showed where each item on scale was relevant to the factor
• then calculate the CVI

According to Polit and Beck (2006), CVI should be greater than or equal to 0.80.

The formula for calculation of the CVI:

(a) Total agreement = Total agreement for all items

(b) Agreement for item = Number of raters who rate the item more than 2

(c) I-CVI = Agreement for every item / number of raters

(d) S-CVI/Ave = I-CVI / Average of I-CVI

(e) S-CVI / UA = Total agreement / Number of items

References:

Polit, D. F., Beck, C.T. & Owen, S. (2007). Focus on Research Methods: Is the CVI an Acceptable Indicator of Content Validity. Research in Nursing & Health, 30, 459-467.

Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2006). The Content Validity Index: Are You Sure You Know What’s Being Reported? Critique and Recommendations. Research in Nursing and Health, 29, 489-497.