Laser cutting and engraving are advanced manufacturing techniques that utilize focused laser beams to precisely cut or engrave materials. In laser cutting, the laser melts or vaporizes the material along a defined path, enabling intricate designs and complex shapes with high precision. Laser engraving involves removing material from the surface to create detailed patterns, text, or images, offering versatility across various materials such as metals, plastics, wood, and glass.

By delving into laser cutting and engraving technologies, researchers and professionals can drive advancements in manufacturing processes, material development, and product innovation, contributing to economic growth and technological progress.