Psychosocial Development encompasses changes in individuals’ understanding of both themselves and others’ behavior

Preschool years largely encompass what Erikson called the initiative-versus-guilt stage , which lasts from around age three to age six

–INITIATIVE = desire to act independently from parents and becoming autonomous

–GUILT = guilt of unintended consequences resulting in shame and self-doubt

Society and culture present the developing person with particular challenges, which shift as people age. Erikson believed that people pass through eight distinct stages, each characterized by a crisis or conflict which the person must resolve.

Our experiences as we try to resolve these conflicts lead us to develop ideas about ourselves that can last for the rest of our lives.

In the early part of the preschool period, children are ending autonomy-versus-shame-and-doubt stage, which lasts from around 18 months to 3 years. In this period, children either become more independent and autonomous if their parents encourage exploration and freedom or they experience shame and self-doubt if they are restricted and overprotected.

What else you need to know about the psychological development among preschool years children? Take a look at these several point:

1.Personality (Initiative vs Guilt)

2.Self-concept (set of belief about ownself)

3.Types of play (parallel play, onlooker play, solitary play, associative play, and cooperative play)

4.Parenting Style (authoritative, permissive, authoritarian, and uninvolved)

5.Abuse (cause and effect)

6.Morality (heteronomous morality, incipient cooperation stage, and autonomous cooperation stage)

7.Aggression (instrumental aggression, and relational aggression)