Carbon nanotube synthesis using flame has enormous potential for large scale carbon nanotubes production. Carbon-rich and autothermal conditions within the flame environment allow for a rapid and continuous single-step carbon nanotube synthesis process, which is highly energy efficient and cost- effective compared to the conventional carbon vapour deposition method. Despite its significant potential, controlling the synthesis of carbon nanotubes in flame remains a great challenge due to combustion physics that does not allow independent control of the flame temperature and gas phase composition.