Types of Questions (Questionnaire)

Closed Questions: Closed questions structure the answer by only allowing responses which fit into pre-decided categories. Data that can be placed into a category is called nominal data. Closed questions can also provide ordinal data (which can be … [Continue reading]

Questionnaire Design

Aims -Make sure that all questions asked address the aims of the research. However, use only one feature of the construct you are investigating in per item.Length -The longer the questionnaire, the less likely people will complete it. Questionnaire … [Continue reading]

PhD Proposal Writing

Understand the purpose - The basic purpose of your PhD proposal is to assist you in completing your research and deliver your PhD Thesis easily.Establish an engaging title - Your title is the first thing that is going to get most of the job done. It … [Continue reading]

Abstract vs Extended Abstract

An abstract generally is few hundred words long while extended abstract normally is 1 to 4 pages with 1 or 2 pages explaining data collected in figures or/and tables.An abstract is a preliminary submission that summarizes the contribution of a paper. … [Continue reading]

Research Design/ Methodology

research design can be categorized into qualitative or quantitative. Qualitative research design determines relationships between collected data and observation based on mathematical calculations. Quantitative research design on the other hand, … [Continue reading]

Choosing the Right Journal

Choosing the right journal for publication may be a painful process. How to choose a correct journal? Here some tips: Understand the strength of your paper. Determine the list of papers that you cited in your paper. Consider to publish your paper … [Continue reading]

Introduction vs LR of an Academic Paper

Introduction is at the beginning of a text while Literature Review (LR) is located after the introduction or problem background.Introduction introduces the main text to the readers while LR critically evaluates the existing research on the selected … [Continue reading]

How to Identify Research Gap

There are 5 important variables to be exploited to identify research gap: Citation Analysis - Scan highly cited papers that probably lead to prominent gaps in your research area. Also, spend time to go through the other papers that cite the … [Continue reading]

LR – Writing Tips

Formation of research question or problemsPreliminary search to validate the idea to assure none had done it beforeSet the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on RQ and preliminary searchSearch strategy: Keywords used, boolean operators and … [Continue reading]

Literature Matrix

After reading, collect the essential information/content from the paper you read by forming a matrix that fulfill the following requirements: Authors info, remember, the same authors may have many similar papers, so always snowball the same … [Continue reading]