The Wikipedia article of the day for July 21, 2016 is History of Liverpool F.C. (1959–85).
The history of Liverpool Football Club from 1959 to 1985 opens with the appointment of Bill Shankly as manager of Liverpool, then a Second Division club. Shankly overhauled the team and created the “Boot Room”, a meeting place to discuss strategy. The club quickly won promotion to the First Division, and within four years won their first League championship since 1946–47 and their first FA Cup. They won further League championships in 1965–66 and 1972–73, the FA Cup in 1974, and their first European trophy, the UEFA Cup, in 1973. Shankly retired and his assistant Bob Paisley took over. Paisley won three European Cups, the UEFA Cup and six League championships in nine years before retiring at the end of 1982–83; he was replaced by his assistant, Joe Fagan. Liverpool won three trophies during Fagan’s first season as manager: a fourth European Cup, the League championship and the Football League Cup. At the European Cup Final in 1985, Liverpool fans were responsible for crowd trouble at the Heysel Stadium. In the resulting panic, a wall collapsed; 39 fans, mostly Italian, died, and English clubs were banned from European competition for five years.
Archives for July 2016
Wikipedia article of the day for July 21, 2016
Wikipedia article of the day for July 20, 2016
The Wikipedia article of the day for July 20, 2016 is Format of Sesame Street.
Sesame Street’s format includes skits featuring Jim Henson’s Muppets as well as animation and short films to help its preschool audience prepare for school. An American children’s television program, it uses music, humor, and sustained action to capture young viewers’ attention. Premiering in 1969, it was the first television show to base its contents and production values on laboratory and scientific research, and the first to base its curriculum on what its researchers termed “measurable outcomes”. It was also the first to use an authentic inner-city street and neighborhood setting for a children’s program. The producers switched in 1998 from a magazine-based structure to a more narrative format after the show’s ratings dominance was challenged by programs such as Barney and Friends and Blue’s Clues. The popular fifteen-minute segment “Elmo’s World”, hosted by the Muppet Elmo, was added the same year to make the show more accessible to a younger audience. The new format was expanded to the entire show in 2002.
Wikipedia article of the day for July 19, 2016
The Wikipedia article of the day for July 19, 2016 is Pedro Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil.
Pedro Afonso (1848–1850) was the Prince Imperial and heir apparent to the throne of the Empire of Brazil. Born at the Palace of São Cristóvão in Rio de Janeiro, he was the second son and youngest child of Emperor Pedro II and Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, and thus a member of the Brazilian branch of the House of Braganza. His aunt was the reigning Queen of Portugal, Dona Maria II. Pedro Afonso was seen as vital to the future viability of the monarchy, which had been put in jeopardy by the death of his older brother Afonso almost three years earlier. Pedro Afonso’s early death from fever at the age of one devastated the Emperor, and the imperial couple had no further children. Pedro Afonso’s older sister Isabel became heiress, but Pedro II was unconvinced that a woman could ever be accepted as monarch by the ruling elite. He excluded Isabel from matters of state, and failed to provide training for her possible role as empress. With no surviving male children, the Emperor started to believe that the imperial line was destined to end with his own death.
Wikipedia article of the day for July 18, 2016
The Wikipedia article of the day for July 18, 2016 is California State Route 56.
State Route 56 (SR 56) is an east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California. It runs 9.2 miles (14.8 km) from Interstate 5 (I-5) in the Carmel Valley neighborhood of San Diego to I-15. It is named after Ted Williams, a baseball player born in San Diego. The eastern terminus of the highway meets the western end of the Ted Williams Parkway. SR 56 serves as an important connector between I-5 and I-15, being the only east–west freeway between SR 78 in north San Diego County, several miles away, and SR 52 near Marine Corps Air Station Miramar. SR 56 was added to the state highway system in 1959 as Legislative Route 278, and was renumbered SR 56 in the 1964 state highway renumbering. A plan in 1964 to connect SR 56 to the north end of SR 125 and continue east to SR 67 did not come to fruition. The eastern end from Black Mountain Road to I-15 was opened in 1993; the western end from I-5 to Carmel Creek Road was delayed until 1995 by several lawsuits. The two ends were not connected until the freeway was completed in 2004; the delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns.
Wikipedia article of the day for July 17, 2016
The Wikipedia article of the day for July 17, 2016 is Operation Mascot.
Operation Mascot was an unsuccessful British air raid on the German battleship Tirpitz which took place during the early hours of 17 July 1944. One of a series of aircraft carrier strikes between April and August 1944 against the battleship at anchor in Kaafjord, Norway, the raid was conducted by 44 British dive bombers and 40 fighters from three carriers. They were detected en route by German radar stations, and Tirpitz was protected by a smoke screen by the time they arrived. Few of the British airmen were able to spot the battleship, and their attacks did not inflict any significant damage. German losses were limited to a patrol craft damaged beyond repair; three British aircraft were destroyed or damaged beyond repair by Kaafjord’s defenders. Two U-boats from a group attempting to intercept the carrier force were sunk by British patrol aircraft, and several others were damaged. Despite the failure of Operation Mascot, the Royal Navy attempted four further carrier raids against Tirpitz during August 1944. These attacks were also unsuccessful, and the task of sinking the battleship was transferred to the Royal Air Force.
Wikipedia article of the day for July 16, 2016
The Wikipedia article of the day for July 16, 2016 is Requiem (Reger).
The Requiem by Max Reger is a late Romantic setting of Friedrich Hebbel’s poem “Requiem” for alto or baritone solo, chorus and orchestra. The text begins with a plea not to forget the dead. Composed in 1915, Reger dedicated it “to the memory of the German heroes” who died in the World War. He had composed Requiem settings before: in 1912 a motet for male chorus, set to the same poem, and in 1914 an unfinished setting of the Latin Requiem, in memory of victims of the war. The 1915 Requiem, Reger’s last completed work for chorus and orchestra, was published by N. Simrock in 1916, after the composer’s death. It was paired with another choral composition, Der Einsiedler (The Hermit), set to a poem by Joseph von Eichendorff, titled Zwei Gesänge für gemischten Chor mit Orchester (Two songs for mixed chorus with orchestra), Op. 144. Both works were first performed in Heidelberg on 16 July 1916 as part of a memorial concert for Reger, conducted by Philipp Wolfrum. Reger thought that The Hermit and the Requiem were “among the most beautiful things” he had ever written.
Wikipedia article of the day for July 15, 2016
The Wikipedia article of the day for July 15, 2016 is Learie Constantine.
Learie Constantine (1901–1971) was a West Indian cricketer, lawyer and politician who played 18 Test matches before the Second World War. Although his Test record was modest, he helped to establish a uniquely West Indian style of aggressive play. He served as Trinidad’s High Commissioner to the United Kingdom and in 1969 became the UK’s first black peer. His early experiences of race discrimination affected him profoundly, and in later life he was influential in the passing of the 1965 Race Relations Act in Britain. Born in Trinidad, Constantine toured England with the West Indies cricket teams in 1923 and 1928 before signing as a professional with the Lancashire League club Nelson. He played for the club between 1929 and 1938, while continuing to appear in Test cricket for the West Indies; he lived mainly in England for the rest of his life. After qualifying as a barrister in 1954, Constantine returned to Trinidad, entered politics and served in the Trinidad government as minister of communications. In 1961 he was appointed Trinidad’s High Commissioner in the UK, serving until 1964 and remaining in London thereafter. In his final years, he served on the Race Relations Board, the Sports Council and the Board of Governors of the BBC.
Wikipedia article of the day for July 14, 2016
The Wikipedia article of the day for July 14, 2016 is 2002 Atlantic hurricane season.
The 2002 Atlantic hurricane season produced 14 tropical cyclones, including 12 named storms, 4 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. A record-tying eight storms developed in September. No tropical storms formed after October 6—a rare occurrence, caused partly by El Niño conditions. The most intense hurricane of the season was Isidore, with a minimum central pressure of 934 mbar, although Hurricane Lili attained higher winds and peaked at Category 4 on the Saffir–Simpson Scale. The season was less destructive than average, causing an estimated US$2.6 billion in property damage and 23 fatalities. In September, Hurricane Gustav moved ashore on Nova Scotia as it was transitioning into an extratropical cyclone, lashing the region with high winds for several days. Isidore struck the Yucatan Peninsula and later the United States, causing about $970 million in damage and killing a total of seven. Several other storms directly affected land during August and September, including the longest lived of the season, Hurricane Kyle. In early October, Lili made landfall in Louisiana, where it caused $860 million in damage and 15 deaths.
Wikipedia article of the day for July 13, 2016
The Wikipedia article of the day for July 13, 2016 is Margaret Murray.
Margaret Murray (13 July 1863 – 13 November 1963) was an Anglo-Indian Egyptologist, archaeologist, historian, and folklorist. The first female archaeology lecturer in the United Kingdom, she worked at University College London (UCL) and served as President of the Folklore Society. Born in Calcutta, Murray moved to London and began studying Egyptology at UCL. The department head Flinders Petrie encouraged her research and soon appointed her Junior Professor. She established a reputation in Egyptology for her excavations of the Osireion temple and Saqqara cemetery. She taught at the British Museum and also the Manchester Museum, where she led the unwrapping of one of the mummies from the Tomb of the Two Brothers. A first-wave feminist, Murray joined the Women’s Social and Political Union. During the First World War, she began promoting the hypothesis that the witch trials of Early Modern Christendom were an attempt to extinguish a surviving pre-Christian religion devoted to a Horned God. Although later academically discredited, the theory gained widespread attention and provided the basis for Wicca.
Wikipedia article of the day for July 12, 2016
The Wikipedia article of the day for July 12, 2016 is Katsudō Shashin.
Katsudō Shashin is a filmstrip speculated to be the oldest work of animation in Japan. Three seconds long, it depicts a boy who writes “moving picture” in Japanese script, removes his hat, and waves. Discovered in a collection of films and projectors in Kyoto, its creator is unknown. Natsuki Matsumoto, an expert in iconography at the Osaka University of Arts, determined that it was most likely made before 1912. It may have been influenced by animated filmstrips for German cinematographs, devices that first appeared in Japan in 1904. Evidence suggests Katsudō Shashin was mass-produced to be sold to wealthy owners of home projectors. To Matsumoto, the relatively poor quality and low-tech printing technique indicate it was likely from a smaller film company. Unlike in traditional animation, the frames were not produced by photographing the images, but were impressed directly onto film. They were stencilled in red and black using a device for making magic lantern slides, and the filmstrip was fastened in a loop for continuous play.
