How Messages Are Conveyed In WSN?

… this is called Routing.

Each node in an autonomous sensor networks has to decide which neighboring nodes to select to be its parent or next-hop path, usually the decision rely on judgement about its energy reserved and the quality of the link

There are similarity in a way human converse words and sensor device convey messages.

Message communication in WSN is much alike the way we communicate words with others. In WSN, the technical terminology of this situation is called ‘Routing’, whereas in our normal conversation, we understand this as ‘Speaking’. The aim of both cases is same: to convey message to the other party! In fact, in a closer look, the way we or they convey messages also shows similarity. Let’s take a look in human conversation. Someone could only speak out the words (i.e., messages) to other if the other person just be in front of him or her. He just could ‘directly’ speak the words out. Similarly in WSN, a sensor device or called ‘mote’, after transmitting a message out, it is straight away received by other mote which is located in it’s transmission range. Visually, it can be shown as: source mote –> destination mote. Technically, we termed this as Direct Transmission (DT); it is a single-hop message passing.

Back to the human scenario, however, someone’s voice (words) could not be heard by the other person if the other person not being just in front of him as in the previous scenario, or being in a place that his voice cannot be heard. Two simple solutions in this case is either to use a telephone to ‘convey’ the message to the other person, or tell the words to someone and asked him to pass the words to the intended recipient. We see in this scenario, the need of intermediate persons. Synonymous in WSN, in short, this situation can be shown as: source mote –> intermediate motes –> destination mote. Since the source mote and the destination mote is not within communication range, without the intermediate motes, messages has no way to reach the destination mote. Again technically, this kind of message passing through intermediate motes is known as Minimum Transmission Energy (MTE); it is a multi-hop message passing.

These are two basic communication methods practicing by us human and they motes. However, there exist a different kind of ‘dialect’ or ‘pattern’ of the communication. Let’s for the final straw, for instance in human conversation, someone could just firstly form a group of people (say, 5 persons in a group), with every person votes to elect a leader person. Note, other people around also do the same thing that forming their own group. Anyone in the group that has words to convey to the other person somewhere, simply first tells the words to the leader. The leader keeps all words, while in some cases can do an extra task such as eliminating any redundant words that may have, and then just forward the words to the other leader in the other group around. The other leader in that group finally deliver the source words to the intended person. Recall the multi-hopping method, this scenario merely same in the leader-motes communication, with pretty small differences compared to the MTE method. Comparably, this kind of message passing can be shown as: source mote –> leader motes (from a group of intermediate motes) –> destination mote, and in WSN terminology, it is known as Clustering; it is a grouped multi-hop message passing.

In conclusion, these are kind of protocols exist in human and motes communication with one similar objective: to successfully convey messages to the others. However, the process is not as simple as it may be seen, due to an ‘external forces’ the conveyed words may experienced while in the transmission. We will see that in my next blog … cheers.

Yusnaidi, UTM

From The Blog

How to install TinyOS 2.1.2 in Mac OSX El Capitan

How to install TinyOS 2.1.2 in Mac OSX El Capitan

How to install TinyOS-2.1.2 on Mac OSX EI CapitanI got this works for me! There are many settings to get the TinyOS 2.1.2 up and running in the Mac machine. And the one I had here I had manage it done successfully on my Mac OSX El Capitan machine. Possibly, we can get...

How to install TinyOS 2.1.1 on Ubuntu 14.0.4 32 bit

How to install TinyOS 2.1.1 on Ubuntu 14.0.4 32 bit

How to install TinyOS-2.1.1 on Ubuntu 14.0.4 LTS 32-bitEven TinyOS has been updated to version 3 but in terms of simulation, I found few limitations hindered one to simulate particularly on micaz platform. I have been searching all over the web and other references...

In the Name of God for Mankind. Kerana Tuhan Untuk Manusia.

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Never underestimate yourself.

Yusnaidi Md Yusof

Speak good or remain silent.

Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

No two things have been than knowledge and patience.

Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

Fall seven times, stand up eight.

Japanese Proverb

You can't learn in school what the world is going to do next year.

Henry Ford

Stay hungry, stay foolish.

Steve Jobs

You don't have to see the whole staircase, just take the first step.

Martin Luther King

Design is not just what it looks like and feels like. Design is how it works.

Steve Jobs

I want to put ding in the universe.

Steve Jobs

Rule No. 1: Never lose money. Rule No. 2: Never forget rule No. 1.

Warren Buffett

You only have to do a very few things right in your life so long as you don't do too many things wrong.

Warren Buffett

Someone is sitting in the shade today because someone planted a tree a long time ago.

Warren Buffett

We enjoy the process far more than the proceeds.

Warren Buffett

I don't look to jump over 7-foot bars: I look around for 1-foot bars that I can step over.

Warren Buffett

Price is what you pay. Value is what you get.

Warren Buffett

The key is not to prioritize what's on your schedule, but to schedule your prioritizes.

Stephen Covey

Live out your imagination, not your history.

Stephen Covey

The main thing is to keep the main thing the main thing.

Stephen Covey

Happiness is not something you postpone for the future; it is something you design for the present.

Jim Rohn

Mens et manus. Mind and Hand.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Veritas. Truth.

Harvard University

Hinc lucem et pocula sacra. From this place, we gain enlightenment and precious knowledge.

Cambridge University

Dominus Illuminatio Mea. The Lord is my Light.

Oxford University

Die Luft der Freiheit weht. The Wind of Freedom Blows.

Stanford University

Fiat lux. Let There be Light.

University of California, Los Angeles

Zukunft denken. Thinking the Future.

RWTH Aachen University

mens agitat molem. Coat of Arms.

Newcastle University

Dei Sub Numine Viget. Under the Protection of God She Flourishes.

Princeton University

ज्ञानम् परमम् ध्येयम्. Knowledge is the Supreme Goal.

Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay

自强不息、厚德载物. Self-Discipline and Social Commitment.

Tsinghua University

Takuetsu-sei o hakken suru. Discover Excellence.

The University of Tokyo

Dare to Reach the Highest.

National University of Singapore

اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ Read! In the name of your Lord Who created.

King Abdulaziz University

Наука есть ясное познание истины, просвещение разума, Science is clear understanding of truth, enlightenment of the mind.

Moscow State University

Naturam Primum Cognoscere Rerum, First to learn the nature of things.

Australian National University

Discipline is the bridge between goals and accomplishment.

Jim Rohn

You don't get paid by the hour. You get paid for the value you bring to the hour.

Jim Rohn

My number one piece of adive is: You should learn how to program.

Mark Zuckerberg

If you get tired, learn to rest, not to quit.

Anonymous

Let's Start Something new
SAY HELLO!

"Two are Better Than One". I believe Bigger Mind Sparks Bigger Idea. Let's be a Team, because we are already a Family. Let's talk research. Let's share research. I would loved to learn new things, explore new possibilities, collaborate new research, improve knowledge skills, and learn from YOU!

Let's Be a Team

6 + 8 =

0 Comments

Submit a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *