Prof. Madya Dr. Abdul Halim Bin Abdullah

Peringkat terakhir

• Sila nyatakan sama ada objektif atau persoalan kajian anda
• Satu atau dua persoalan kajian/ objektif kajian sudah memadai
• Jangan senaraikan semua persoalan kajian/ objektif kajian yang menyebabkan artikel anda terlalu panjang dan seterusnya menyebabkan editor tidak berminat dengan artikel anda

Peringkat kelima

Kepentingan kajian

Nyatakan kepentingan kajian anda melalui beberapa pendekatan

Contohnya:

• Hasil kajian akan dapat membantu …
• Keputusan akan mengisi jurang yang ditinggalkan oleh penyelidik sebelum ini mengenai …

Peringkat Keempat

Pernyataan khusus/ spesifik menyatakan tujuan/ objektif penulis

Contoh

• Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk ……
• Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk ……
• Kertas ini bertujuan untuk menjawab persoalan kajian ……..

Peringkat Ketiga

Pernyataan yang menunjukkan keperluan untuk kajian lanjutan (Jurang kajian/ keaslian kajian)

Menggunakan frasa-frasa seperti:
• Sehingga kini, hanya terdapat beberapa kajian yang mengkaji………
• Pada masa ini, kajian yang berkaitan dengan A boleh dianggap sangat terhad …….
• Terdapat sedikit data yang diterbitkan berkaitan………

Contoh:

Peringkat Kedua

1. Penyataan lebih khusus mengenai aspek masalah yang sudah dikaji oleh penyelidik-penyelidik lain
2. Laporan kajian semasa dan sebelum dalam topik sama ..

Contoh:

Jones et al. (2014) mendapati……………………
Pada tahun 2013, Neelofa mendedahkan bahawa …
Satu kajian baru-baru ini oleh McGraw (2010) mendapati……..
Dalam kajian mendalam oleh Ahmad (2011) menunjukkan bahawa ………..

Buktikan bahawa topik tersebut adalah relevan untuk dikaji, diterokai dan diselidik

Peringkat Pertama

1. Mula dengan kenyataan-kenyataan umum mengenai bidang penyelidikan
-untuk menyediakan pembaca dengan persekitaran untuk masalah yang akan diketengahkan

2. Gunakan literatur yang terkini

3. Bincangkan kepentingan topik terhadap masyarakat, sekolah dan lain-lain

4. Gunakan frasa penting seperti:

• Topik A telah lama dibincangkan dalam kalangan penyelidik sebelum …
• Melihat pola kebanyakan kajian yang dilakukan sejak kebelakangan ini, perhatian yang lebih diberikan terhadap aspek……..
• Sebilangan besar kajian memberi fokus terhadap A

You can build your abstract by answering the following questions with one or two sentences for each one:

• What is the bigger, more general field your article relates
  to?
• What is the purpose of your article?
• What methodology did you use?
• What are the key results?
• What are the practical implications of your research (how can the results be utilised by e.g. practitioners, society or companies)?

Example:

The content order of geometric components in the mathematics curriculum and the teaching process in a geometry class are said to be in contrast with the existing level of geometric thinking among secondary school students in Malaysia. Van Hiele (1986) proposed that directions should be given at the same level as the students’ ability and therefore recommended phases of learning geometry in order to address this issue (Short introduction/Issue/problem at hand). The present study investigates the effectiveness of activities based on Van Hiele’s phases of learning geometry by using the Geometer’s Sketchpad (GSP) software which researchers claim is in line with the approach of Van Hiele’s model (Purpose/aim of the work). A quasi-experimental design was used in this study. The study was conducted for six weeks and involved 94 students and two teachers from a secondary school. The students were divided into control and treatment groups, with each group consisting of 47 students. Van Hiele’s geometry test was given to both groups before and after the treatment (Design, methodology or approach used). Wilcoxon signed-rank test analysis showed that, although both groups showed significant differences between the early and final levels of their geometric thinking, the students’ final thinking levels in both groups were significantly different (Findings). Therefore, it is demonstrated that the Van Hiele phases of learning geometry should be used as a reference in arranging the geometric curriculum and content. In addition, the Van Hiele model and the GSP software can be used as an approach to teaching and learning geometry in the classroom to help students improve their level of geometric thinking (Practical implications/inferences).

1. Don’t be too long
2. Less than 12 words.
   “Jamali and Nikzad (2011) found, articles with longer titles
   are downloaded slightly less than those with shorter titles”
   Good research paper titles typically 10–12 words long (SAGE Publications, 2011)
   Paiva et al. (2012) said articles with shorter titles are viewed and cited more frequently
3. Don’t be too catchy title
   Remember that articles with catchy titles are less
   cited than more traditional ones as an analysis of
   papers published
4. Do not use acronyms in the title without spelling them out (Hartley, 2012).
   All terms should be written out- the readers might miss the important keywords in the title
   Leave out unnecessary “filler” words such as ‘effects of’, ‘comparison of’, or ‘a case of’
5. Irony and humor in the title should be avoided  because our humor may not be understood by readers who are native speakers
6. Use descriptive terms and phrases that accurately highlight the core content of the paper                Example:  “Perceptions and effects of inclusive education” (a) whose perceptions, (b) effects on whom?             In search engine terms, the title of your article is the most interesting element. Think about the search terms that readers are likely to use when looking for articles on the same topic as yours