How to Evaluate GIS Software

By Shahabuddin Amerudin

Evaluating GIS software involves several factors that you should consider to determine the best fit for your organization’s needs. Here are some factors to consider when evaluating GIS software:

1. Functionality: The software should have the necessary features and tools to meet your organization’s specific needs. Consider the types of analyses, mapping, and data management that you require and ensure that the software can handle those tasks.

2. Usability: The software should be easy to use and navigate. Consider the user interface, the ease of data input, and how intuitive the tools are to use.

3. Performance: The software should be able to handle large datasets and complex analyses without significant lag or slowdowns.

4. Data compatibility: The software should be able to read and write data in the formats that your organization uses.

5. Integration: The software should be able to integrate with other software and systems that your organization uses.

6. Support: The software vendor should provide technical support, training, and resources to help you get the most out of the software.

7. Cost: The software should fit within your organization’s budget, and you should consider the cost of licenses, support, and maintenance.

8. Industry adoption: The software should have a significant user base in your industry or field, as this can indicate that it is a reliable and trusted solution.

By considering these factors, you can evaluate GIS software and determine the best fit for your organization’s needs. It’s also a good idea to trial the software before making a purchase to ensure that it meets your specific requirements.

Functionality is a critical factor to consider when evaluating GIS software. It refers to the features and tools available in the software that enable users to perform a range of GIS tasks, including data management, analysis, visualization, and mapping. Here are some examples of GIS functionality to consider:

1. Data management: GIS software should provide tools to manage, store, and organize various types of data, including spatial and non-spatial data. These tools may include data creation, editing, conversion, and export/import.

2. Analysis: GIS software should provide tools to analyze spatial data, including spatial statistics, geoprocessing, modeling, and raster analysis. These tools enable users to derive insights and make informed decisions based on the data.

3. Visualization: GIS software should provide tools to visualize spatial data, including mapping, cartography, and data visualization. These tools enable users to create high-quality maps and graphics that are informative and engaging.

4. Integration: GIS software should provide tools to integrate with other software and systems, including databases, web services, and other GIS applications. These tools enable users to access and use data from different sources.

5. Mobile data collection: GIS software should provide tools to collect spatial data in the field using mobile devices. These tools may include GPS tracking, field data collection, and remote sensing.

6. 3D modeling: GIS software should provide tools to create and visualize 3D models, terrain, and other spatial data. These tools enable users to create accurate 3D representations of the real world.

7. Web mapping: GIS software should provide tools to create and publish web maps and applications. These tools enable users to share spatial data and analysis results with others.

Usability is another critical factor to consider when evaluating GIS software. It refers to how easy the software is to use and navigate, and how well it meets the needs of users. Here are some aspects of usability to consider when evaluating GIS software:

1. User Interface: The user interface should be intuitive, clean, and easy to navigate. The menus, icons, and tools should be easy to understand and use.

2. Customization: The software should allow users to customize the interface to their needs. This could include changing the color scheme, font size, and layout of the interface.

3. Data Input: The software should make it easy for users to input data. This could include features such as drag-and-drop, copy and paste, or the ability to import data from various sources.

4. Workflow: The software should have a logical workflow that guides users through each step of the GIS process. The workflow should be easy to understand and follow, even for users who are new to GIS.

5. Help and Documentation: The software should provide easy access to help and documentation, including tutorials, user guides, and online resources. This can help users quickly resolve any issues or questions they may have.

6. Training: The software vendor should provide training and support to help users get up to speed with the software quickly. This could include online or in-person training, webinars, and user communities.

7. Performance: The software should be fast and responsive, with quick load times and minimal lag. This can help users be more productive and efficient with their time.

8. Accessibility: The software should be accessible to users with disabilities, including those who may be visually or hearing impaired. This could include features such as high-contrast mode or screen reader compatibility.

Performance is a critical factor to consider when evaluating GIS software. It refers to how well the software performs in terms of speed, responsiveness, and scalability. Here are some aspects of performance to consider when evaluating GIS software:

1. Speed: The software should be fast and responsive, with quick load times and minimal lag. This is especially important when working with large datasets or performing complex analysis.

2. Scalability: The software should be able to handle large datasets and complex analysis without slowing down or crashing. It should also be able to scale up to meet the needs of larger organizations and user bases.

3. Memory and Storage: The software should be able to efficiently use memory and storage resources. It should be able to manage large amounts of data without slowing down or running out of memory.

4. Processing Power: The software should be able to make use of the processing power of the user’s computer or server. It should be able to take advantage of multi-core processors and GPUs to speed up analysis and visualization.

5. Network Performance: The software should be able to work well over a network, whether it’s a local area network or the internet. It should be able to handle large data transfers and provide good performance for remote users.

6. Compatibility: The software should be compatible with the user’s hardware and operating system. It should also be able to work with a range of file formats and data sources.

7. Reliability: The software should be reliable and stable, with minimal crashes or errors. It should also provide good error reporting and recovery options in case of problems.

8. Security: The software should be secure and protect user data from unauthorized access. It should provide options for secure data transfer and storage, as well as access controls to limit user access to sensitive data.

Data compatibility is a critical factor to consider when evaluating GIS software. It refers to the ability of the software to work with a range of data formats and sources. Here are some aspects of data compatibility to consider when evaluating GIS software:

1. File Formats: The software should be able to work with a range of file formats, including vector and raster data formats. This could include popular formats such as ESRI Shapefile, GeoTIFF, and GeoJSON.

2. Data Sources: The software should be able to work with a range of data sources, including local and remote databases, web services, and APIs. It should also be able to connect to external data sources such as satellite imagery or weather data.

3. Data Conversion: The software should be able to convert data from one format to another. This can be especially useful when working with data from different sources or when sharing data with other users.

4. Data Integration: The software should be able to integrate data from different sources and formats. This could include joining tables or merging layers to create new datasets.

5. Metadata: The software should support the creation and management of metadata for datasets. This can help users understand the context and quality of the data they are working with.

6. Spatial Reference Systems: The software should be able to handle a range of spatial reference systems and projections. It should also provide tools for converting between different coordinate systems.

7. Data Quality: The software should provide tools for checking and improving data quality, such as identifying missing or incorrect data, or cleaning up errors in data.

Integration is a key factor to consider when evaluating GIS software. It refers to the ability of the software to integrate with other systems and applications. Here are some aspects of integration to consider when evaluating GIS software:

1. APIs: The software should provide APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) that allow developers to integrate the GIS functionality into their own applications. This could include APIs for spatial analysis, mapping, or data management.

2. Web Services: The software should be able to provide web services that allow other applications to access the GIS functionality over the internet. This could include web mapping services, geocoding services, or data exchange services.

3. Plugins: The software should provide a plugin architecture that allows users to extend the functionality of the software by adding new tools or features. This could include plugins for data analysis, visualization, or automation.

4. Data Integration: The software should be able to integrate data from different sources and formats. This could include joining tables or merging layers to create new datasets. It should also provide tools for converting between different data formats.

5. Cloud Integration: The software should be able to integrate with cloud-based services, such as cloud storage, computing, or analytics. This can provide scalability and flexibility for GIS applications.

6. Compatibility with Other Systems: The software should be compatible with other systems and applications commonly used in the organization, such as databases, CRM systems, or ERP systems. This can improve workflow efficiency and reduce data duplication.

7. Open Standards: The software should support open standards for spatial data, such as OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) standards. This can facilitate interoperability with other GIS systems and applications.

Support is a crucial factor to consider when evaluating GIS software. It refers to the level of assistance and resources provided by the software vendor to users of the software. Here are some aspects of support to consider when evaluating GIS software:

1. Documentation: The software should provide comprehensive documentation, including user manuals, online help, tutorials, and knowledge bases. This can help users learn the software quickly and efficiently.

2. Training: The software vendor should provide training options, such as on-site or online training, to help users get up to speed with the software. This can be especially useful for new users or users with little GIS experience.

3. Technical Support: The software vendor should provide technical support, such as phone or email support, to help users troubleshoot issues and resolve problems. The vendor should also provide regular software updates and bug fixes to ensure that the software is up-to-date and functioning correctly.

4. User Community: The software vendor should foster a user community, such as forums, user groups, or social media groups, where users can share knowledge and help each other. This can be a valuable resource for users to get help and exchange ideas.

5. Customization: The software vendor should provide options for customization, such as API or plugin development, to allow users to tailor the software to their specific needs. This can provide flexibility and improve workflow efficiency.

6. Licensing: The software vendor should provide flexible licensing options that meet the needs of the organization, such as concurrent or named user licenses. The vendor should also provide transparent pricing and licensing policies.

7. User Feedback: The software vendor should actively solicit feedback from users and use that feedback to improve the software. The vendor should also provide a clear roadmap for future development and updates.

Cost is an important factor to consider when evaluating GIS software. It refers to the financial investment required to purchase and use the software. Here are some aspects of cost to consider when evaluating GIS software:

1. Upfront Costs: The software may have an upfront cost, such as a one-time purchase fee or subscription fee, that covers the purchase and installation of the software.

2. Annual Maintenance and Support Costs: The software may also have ongoing annual maintenance and support costs, which cover software updates, technical support, and other services. These costs may be a percentage of the upfront cost or a fixed amount.

3. Licensing Model: The software may have different licensing models, such as perpetual or subscription licenses. Perpetual licenses are a one-time cost that allows the user to use the software indefinitely, while subscription licenses require ongoing payments to continue using the software.

4. Add-On Costs: The software may have additional costs for add-on features or modules, such as advanced spatial analysis or 3D modeling.

5. Hardware Costs: The software may have hardware requirements, such as high-performance computers or specialized equipment, that may increase the overall cost of using the software.

6. Cost of Training: The software may require training to use effectively, which may have additional costs, such as travel and accommodation expenses.

7. Total Cost of Ownership: The total cost of ownership should be considered, which includes not only the initial purchase cost but also ongoing maintenance, training, and support costs over the expected lifespan of the software.

Industry adoption is an important factor to consider when evaluating GIS software. It refers to the extent to which the software is used in the industry or sector that is relevant to your organization. Here are some aspects of industry adoption to consider when evaluating GIS software:

1. Market Share: The software vendor’s market share in the industry can indicate the level of adoption of the software. A high market share may indicate that the software is widely used and accepted in the industry.

2. Industry-Specific Features: The software should have industry-specific features and capabilities that are relevant to your organization’s needs. For example, if your organization is in the environmental sector, the software should have features for analyzing and visualizing environmental data.

3. Case Studies and References: The software vendor should provide case studies and references from organizations in your industry. This can provide insight into how the software is being used and its effectiveness in similar organizations.

4. Standards and Interoperability: The software should support industry standards and be interoperable with other industry-standard software. This can ensure that data can be shared and integrated effectively within the industry.

5. User Community: The software should have a user community that is active in your industry. This can provide a resource for support, best practices, and networking with other professionals in your industry.

6. Training and Certification: The software vendor should provide industry-specific training and certification options. This can ensure that users have the necessary skills and knowledge to use the software effectively in your industry.

7. Integration with Other Industry Software: The software should be able to integrate with other software commonly used in your industry. This can ensure that workflows are streamlined and data can be shared effectively.

In conclusion, evaluating GIS software requires careful consideration of several factors, including functionality, usability, performance, data compatibility, integration, support, and cost. GIS software is an essential tool for managing and analyzing geospatial data, and choosing the right software can have a significant impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of GIS workflows. By carefully evaluating GIS software and choosing the software that meets the specific needs of the user, GIS professionals can ensure that they are working with the best possible tools for their projects.

Suggestion for Citation:
Amerudin, S. (2023). How to Evaluate GIS Software. [Online] Available at: https://people.utm.my/shahabuddin/?p=6216 (Accessed: 2 April 2023).