Research

GeoAI: Merging Geospatial Data and AI for Enhanced Decision-Making

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Geospatial Artificial Intelligence (GeoAI) is a specialized field that combines geospatial data, which includes geographic information such as location, coordinates, and spatial relationships, with artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to extract valuable insights, patterns, and predictions from spatially referenced data. In essence, GeoAI involves the application of AI algorithms and methodologies to geospatial data to solve complex problems and enhance decision-making in various domains. Key Components of GeoAI Applications of GeoAI Tools and […]

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GeoAI: Unveiling Patterns and Shaping Futures at the Nexus of Geography and Artificial Intelligence

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Introduction In the contemporary era of technological advancements, the amalgamation of artificial intelligence (AI) with geography has ushered in a revolutionary field known as GeoAI. This interdisciplinary domain leverages the prowess of AI to decode intricate patterns concealed within geospatial data, enabling us to predict, analyze, and respond to a spectrum of events and phenomena. From predicting ecological shifts to deciphering human mobility trends, GeoAI stands as a beacon of innovation that

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Implikasi dan Pertimbangan Kenaikan Gred Markah 4 dan 9 dalam Sistem Penilaian

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Oleh Shahabuddin Amerudin Keputusan untuk menggalakkan pensyarah supaya menaikkan gred markah kursus yang mempunyai angka 4 dan 9 dihujungnya adalah suatu isu yang mempunyai pelbagai sudut pandangan dan pertimbangan. Sebagai contoh, markah keseluruhan pelajar sepanjang semester, iaitu selepas dicampurkan dengan skor kuiz, ujian, tugasan, projek, dan peperiksaan akhir, jika markahnya adalah 64, maka perlu dinaikkan kepada 65. Begitu juga, jika markah pelajar adalah 69, maka perlu dinaikkan kepada 70. Ini akan menjadikan gred markah seolah-olah

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Developing Web Map-Based Applications

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Introduction Web map-based applications have transformed how we interact with geographic information, enabling us to explore, analyze, and visualize data on interactive maps. The development of such applications involves a unique set of challenges and considerations, ranging from selecting mapping libraries to optimizing performance for diverse devices. This article delves into the technical intricacies of creating web map-based applications, discussing mapping libraries, geospatial data integration, user experience, and optimization techniques. Choosing Between

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Choosing Between Physical Servers and Cloud Services for Web-Based Application Development

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Introduction In the rapidly evolving landscape of web-based application development, the decision between deploying applications on physical servers or utilizing cloud services has become a pivotal choice. Both options present their own set of advantages and challenges, ranging from hardware infrastructure and software considerations to costs and management complexities. This article aims to delve into the technical aspects of this decision-making process, analyzing server specifications, cloud services, associated costs, and the level

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Exploring Firewall Bypass Techniques: Strategies and Countermeasures

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Introduction In today’s interconnected world, network security is paramount. Firewalls serve as the frontline defense against cyber threats, safeguarding sensitive data and digital assets from unauthorized access and malicious attacks. However, determined hackers employ a variety of sophisticated techniques to bypass firewalls and compromise networks. This article delves into the methods hackers employ to breach firewall defenses, as well as strategies and countermeasures to fortify network security. Common Firewall Bypass Techniques Strengthening Firewall Defenses: Strategies

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HD GNSS – An Introduction

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin HD GNSS, or High-Definition Global Navigation Satellite System, refers to advanced positioning and navigation technology that enhances the accuracy and precision of satellite-based location services. It is an evolution of traditional GNSS systems like GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou, designed to provide more accurate and reliable positioning information. The concept of improving the accuracy of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) has been an ongoing endeavor since the inception of GNSS technology itself.

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Enhancing Smartphone GNSS Accuracy with External Receivers

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin In an era driven by digital navigation and geospatial accuracy, the fusion of smartphones and external GNSS receivers has revolutionized positioning capabilities. With the proliferation of location-based services, achieving sub-meter accuracy with smartphones has become a tantalizing possibility. In this article, we explore how to realize this feat, including a dive into cost-effective external receivers that can elevate your smartphone’s positioning prowess. Smartphone GNSS: The Foundation Modern smartphones are equipped with built-in

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Unleashing Sub-Meter Accuracy with L1 and L5 GNSS Frequencies

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Introduction In the realm of modern navigation and geospatial technology, achieving unparalleled accuracy has become a driving force. As industries and individuals seek to unlock the potential of location-based services, the fusion of advanced GNSS technology with smartphones and external receivers has become a game-changer. One of the pivotal benchmarks in this quest is the pursuit of sub-meter accuracy – a feat that was once confined to specialized equipment but is now

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GIS Applications That Demand Sub-Meter Accuracy

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Sub-meter accuracy is essential for a variety of Geographic Information System (GIS) applications that require precise spatial data collection, mapping, and analysis. Here are some GIS applications that benefit from sub-meter accuracy: While sub-meter accuracy is critical for these applications, it’s important to choose the appropriate level of accuracy based on the specific requirements of the project. In many cases, sub-meter accuracy provides a balance between precision and cost-effectiveness, making it a

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How to Achieve Sub-Meter Positioning Accuracy using Smartphone

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Achieving sub-meter positioning accuracy using a smartphone involves utilizing a combination of techniques, technologies, and tools that optimize the device’s built-in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) capabilities. While smartphones typically offer less precise positioning compared to dedicated high-end GNSS receivers, advancements in hardware and software have enabled the enhancement of smartphone-based positioning accuracy. Here’s how to achieve sub-meter accuracy: It’s important to note that achieving sub-meter accuracy with a smartphone might still

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Pioneering High-Accuracy GNSS Positioning with Low-Cost Receivers and Smartphones

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Introduction In the dynamic landscape of navigation and positioning technology, a remarkable breakthrough has emerged: the accessibility of high-accuracy GNSS positioning through low-cost receivers and smartphones (Marchi et al., 2022). As we delve deeper into this realm, we uncover a transformative era of precision that was once reserved for specialized equipment. This article explores the advancements, implications, and the potential for achieving centimeter-level accuracy through these affordable solutions. Empowering Ubiquity The narrative

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Unveiling Spatial Relationships: Predictive Applications of Regression Analysis

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Introduction In the realm of data analysis, regression analysis stands as a powerful tool that facilitates the exploration, understanding, and prediction of spatial relationships. By unraveling the intricate connections between variables, it provides insights into the factors driving observed spatial patterns. In this article, we delve into the fascinating world of regression analysis, focusing on its predictive applications through two distinct examples: the prediction of human deaths and the analysis of grave

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Spatial Analysis Techniques for Unveiling Geographic Patterns and Interactions

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Introduction Spatial analysis is a critical discipline within geography and various other fields that deal with spatial data. It involves the examination of geographic patterns, relationships, and dependencies among data points in a given space. This exploration is crucial for understanding the underlying mechanisms driving spatial phenomena and for making informed decisions in urban planning, environmental management, economics, and various other domains. In this article, we delve into several key techniques of

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History of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Development: An Overview

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin The development of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) dates back to the 19th century, when the use of geographic information to address complex issues began. In 1832, French geographer Charles Picquet produced an early version of a GIS by creating a map-based representation of cholera spread in Paris using color gradients. This marked the earliest application of spatial analysis in epidemiology. In 1854, English physician John Snow expanded this concept by mapping a

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The Evolution of Location Based Services: A Critical Review and Analysis

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Abstract Location Based Services (LBS) have undergone remarkable transformations since the publication of the seminal paper “The Development of Location Based Services in Malaysia” in 2009. This paper offers an extensive review and analysis of the original article in the context of recent advancements and trends in LBS technology. By critically examining the original paper’s content, relevance, and implications for today’s technological landscape, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of

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Exploring the Transformative Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Geospatial Technology

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Abstract Geospatial technology has emerged as a pivotal discipline with far-reaching implications in numerous fields, including environmental science, geography, urban planning, and agriculture. The fusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) with geospatial analysis has ushered in an era of unprecedented advancements, elevating the capabilities of geospatial technology to new heights. This comprehensive academic article delves into the multifaceted applications of AI and ML in geospatial technology, elucidating their roles

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Emerging Trends in GIS Software Systems: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Environmental Conservation and Resource Management

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Abstract Geographic Information Systems (GIS) play a vital role in environmental conservation and natural resource management. In recent years, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into GIS software has led to revolutionary advancements, enhancing the capabilities and intelligence of GIS applications. This article explores the emerging trends in GIS software systems that leverage AI technologies, focusing on various aspects such as interaction methods, data visualization, predictive modelling, spatial analysis, real-time decision-making, autonomous

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The Evolution of GIS Software 

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin The evolution of GIS software has been marked by key milestones and advancements that have shaped the current landscape of geospatial technology: 1. Early Beginnings (1960s-1970s): 2. Mainframe and Early Desktop GIS (1980s-1990s): 3. Introduction of Vector Data Models: 4. Integration of Remote Sensing and GPS (1990s): 5. Web-Based GIS (Late 1990s-2000s): 6. Open Source GIS (2000s): 7. Mobile GIS and Location-Based Services (2000s-2010s): 8. Cloud-Based GIS (2010s): 9. Big Data and

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Sub-Meter Accuracy in Consumer Smartphones: Advancements and Challenges in GNSS Positioning

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By Shahabuddin Amerudin Sub-meter accuracy in the context of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) refers to the capability of a receiver to determine its position with an accuracy of less than one meter, typically in the range of centimeters or decimeters. This level of accuracy is highly desirable for various applications, including augmented reality, precise navigation, surveying, agriculture, and other location-based services where high precision is crucial. To achieve sub-meter accuracy, GNSS receivers need access

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